Foreign body granuloma following leech therapy in hidradenitis suppurativa: A case complicated by lymphedema

Authors

  • Zeynep Altan Ferhatoglu Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author
  • Yusuf Demir Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author
  • Suheyla Kaya Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author
  • Burhan Engin Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey Author
  • Cuyan Demirkesen Department of Pathology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25251/beg3tr50

Keywords:

alternative medicine, anti–tumor necrosis factor, foreign body granuloma, hidradenitis suppurativa, leech therapy

References

1. Price KN, Thompson AM, Rizvi O, et al. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Patients With Hidradenitis Suppurativa. JAMA Dermatol. 2020;156:345-348. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2019.4595. PMID:31995122

2. Kimball AB, Sobell JM, Zouboulis CC, et al. HiSCR (Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response): a novel clinical endpoint to evaluate therapeutic outcomes in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa from the placebo-controlled portion of a phase 2 adalimumab study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2016;30:989-994. doi:10.1111/jdv.13216. PMID:26201313

3. Cohen PR. Clinical features of atypical presentations of mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infection observed in immunosuppressed individuals. Part II: the knife-cut sign. Dermatol Online J. 2024;30. doi:10.5070/D330163281.PMID:38762853

4. Sig AK, Guney M, Uskudar Guclu A, Ozmen E. Medicinal leech therapy-an overall perspective. Integr Med Res. 2017;6:337-343. doi:10.1016/j.imr.2017.08.001. PMID:29296560

5. Micieli R, Alavi A. Lymphedema in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review of published literature. Int J Dermatol. 2018;57:1471-1480. doi:10.1111/ijd.14173. PMID:30105858

6. Saracino A, Gordon K, Ffolkes L, Mortimer PS. Intralymphatic granulomas in lymphoedema secondary to anogenital granulomatosis. Australas J Dermatol. 2013;54:e59-61. doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.2012.00923.x. PMID:22780576

7. Baltaci M, Sepp N, Obermoser G, et al. Elastolytic granulomas of the legs in familial visceral lymphangiodysplasia with chronic lymphedema. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2004;2:766-769. PMID:16279221

8. Lemperle G, Gauthier-Hazan N, Wolters M, et al. Foreign body granulomas after all injectable dermal fillers: part 1. Possible causes. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;123:1842-1863. doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e31818236d7. PMID:19483587

9. Toussirot É, Aubin F. Paradoxical reactions under TNF-α blocking agents and other biological agents given for chronic immune-mediated diseases: an analytical and comprehensive overview. RMD Open. 2016;2:e000239. doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2015-000239. PMID:27493788

10. Vossen ARJV, van der Zee HH, Prens EP. Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review Integrating Inflammatory Pathways Into a Cohesive Pathogenic Model. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2965. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02965. PMID:30619323

11. Lee JM, Kim YJ. Foreign body granulomas after the use of dermal fillers: pathophysiology, clinical appearance, histologic features, and treatment. Arch Plast Surg. 2015;42:232-239. doi:10.5999/aps.2015.42.2.232. PMID:25798398

12. Ozdemir BH, Ozdemir FN, Sezer S, Sar A, Haberal M. Does colchicine have an antifibrotic effect on development of interstitial fibrosis in renal allografts of recipients with familial Mediterranean fever? Transplant Proc. 2006;38:473-476. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.12.049. PMID:16549151

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Published

03/02/2026