A review of the indications, safety, and efficacy of deucravacitinib: An expert consensus panel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25251/ymnfwz12Keywords:
deucravacitinib, lupus, cutaneous lupus, effeicacy, safety, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, malignancyAbstract
Background: Deucravacitinib is a novel, allosteric, selective TYK2 inhibitor FDA-approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults. Deucravacitinib is under investigation in numerous clinical trials to establish its efficacy and safety for other indications. Thus, this expert consensus panel was assembled to provide clinical guidance on the applications of and clinical considerations for deucravacitinib.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar was completed for English-language original research articles regarding deucravacitinib. An expert panel of eight dermatologists reviewed the literature and developed consensus statements regarding the additional indications, safety, and efficacy of deucravacitinib. Using a modified Delphi process, each statement had supermajority approval and was designated a strength of recommendation based on the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy criteria.
Results: The literature search resulted in 250 articles regarding deucravacitinib. 43 relevant articles were included and distributed to the panelists for review prior to the roundtable discussion. The panel unanimously voted to adopt 14 consensus statements and recommendations: 11 were a strength of “A”, 1 was a strength of “B”, and two were a strength of “C”.
Conclusion: Deucravacitinib is an established treatment for plaque psoriasis that has shown strong evidence supporting safety and efficacy for psoriatic arthritis, cutaneous lupus, and systemic lupus erythematosus. The 14 consensus statements created by the panel provide expert recommendations regarding the efficacy, safety, and additional potential indications for deucravacitinib. Additionally, the expert panel notes that deucravacitinib is generally safe, as it can be safely combined with conventional synthetic DMARDs, immunosuppressants, and biologics and currently does not have data that support elevated malignancy risk, tuberculosis reactivation, increased risk for herpes zoster, or associated laboratory abnormalities. The expert panel concludes that deucravacitinib is an exciting medication that will likely have a larger role in the treatment of various conditions in the future.
References
1. Truong TM, Pathak GN, Singal A, Taranto V, Rao BK. Deucravacitinib: The First FDA-Approved Oral TYK2 Inhibitor for Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis. Ann Pharmacother. 2024;58(4):416-427. doi:10.1177/10600280231153863
2. Martin G. Novel Therapies in Plaque Psoriasis: A Review of Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitors. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023;13(2):417-435. doi:10.1007/s13555-022-00878-9
3. Kalola UK, Alberty A, Sheehy C. Deucravacitinib. [Updated 2024 Aug 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK606109/
4. ClinicalTrials.gov. Deucravacitinib studies currently recruiting. https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?intr=Deucravacitinib&aggFilters=status:rec
5. Ebell MH, Siwek J, Weiss BD, et al. Strength of recommendation taxonomy (SORT): a patient-centered approach to grading evidence in the medical literature. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(3):548-556.
6. Hsu C-C, Sandford BA. The Delphi technique: making sense of consensus. Practical assessment, research & evaluation 2007;12:1-8.
7. Shah, M., Miller, L., Casquejo, R., Chao, T., DiRugierro, D., Gautier, K., Glover, H., Kucera, K., Nguyen, A., Pansch, L. A., Volz, J., Young, M. S., Burshtein, J., & Zakria, D. (2024). Topical Cycling: The Obstacles to Moving Forward with Systemic Psoriasis Therapies and How to Characterize the Systemic Ready Patient. SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine, 8(1), 1217–1231. https://doi.org/10.25251/skin.8.1.2
8. Burshtein J, Shah M, Zakria D, et al. The Efficacy and Safety of Bimekizumab for Plaque Psoriasis: An Expert Consensus Panel. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2024;14(2):323-339. doi:10.1007/s13555-024-01099-y
9. Shah M, Burshtein J, Zakria D, et al. A Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Deucravacitinib for Plaque Psoriasis: An Expert Consensus Panel. J Drugs Dermatol. 2025;24(2):147-155. doi:10.36849/JDD.8616
10. Shah M; Psoriasis Expert Panel, Lebwohl M. A call to action regarding the Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy program for brodalumab. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2025;92(5):1167-1169. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2024.12.042
11. Armstrong AW, Gooderham M, Warren RB, et al. Deucravacitinib versus placebo and apremilast in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Efficacy and safety results from the 52-week, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase 3 POETYK PSO-1 trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;88(1):29-39. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2022.07.002
12. Deucravacitinib in Plaque Psoriasis: 3-Year Safety and Efficacy Results From the Phase 3 POETYK PSO-1 and PSO-2 Trials. J of Skin. 2023;7(6):s240. doi:10.25251/skin.7.supp.240
13. Armstrong AW, Kircik L, Stein Gold L, et al. Deucravacitinib: Laboratory Parameters Across Phase 3 Plaque Psoriasis Trials. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2025;15(4):1025-1035. doi:10.1007/s13555-025-01362-w
14. Armstrong AW, Lebwohl M, Warren RB, et al. Safety and Efficacy of Deucravacitinib in Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis for Up to 3 Years: An Open-Label Extension of Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA Dermatol. 2025;161(1):56-66. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2024.4688
15. Armstrong AW, Lebwohl M, Warren RB, et al. Deucravacitinib in plaque psoriasis: Four-year safety and efficacy results from the Phase 3 POETYK PSO-1, PSO-2 and long-term extension trials. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. Published online March 6, 2025. doi:10.1111/jdv.20553
16. Armstrong, AW. 2025. Deucravacitinib in Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: 5-year, Long-term Safety and Efficacy Results from the Phase 3 POETYK PSO-1, PSO-2, and LTE Trials. SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine. 9, 2 (Mar. 2025), s532. DOI:https://doi.org/10.25251/skin.10.supp.532
17. Blauvelt A, Rich P, Sofen H, et al. Deucravacitinib, a selective, allosteric tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor, in scalp psoriasis: A subset analysis of two phase 3 randomized trials in plaque psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2024;90(4):775-782. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2023.11.060
18. Bokor LA, Martyin K, Krebs M, et al. Deucravacitinib shows superior efficacy and safety in cutaneous lupus erythematosus compared to various biologics and small molecules - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2025;24(3):103723. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103723
19. FitzGerald O, Gladman DD, Mease PJ, et al. Phase 2 Trial of Deucravacitinib in Psoriatic Arthritis: Biomarkers Associated With Disease Activity, Pharmacodynamics, and Clinical Responses. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2024;76(9):1397-1407. doi:10.1002/art.42921
20. Hu C, Han X, Cui Y, Zhang Y, Cheng Y. Safety and efficacy of Deucravacitinib for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: A meta-analysis. Skin Res Technol. 2024;30(8):e13855. doi:10.1111/srt.13855
21. Kavanaugh A, Coates LC, Mease PJ, et al. Deucravacitinib, a selective, TYK2 inhibitor, in psoriatic arthritis: Achievement of minimal disease activity components in a phase 2 trial. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published online October 18, 2024. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keae580
22. Korman NJ, Warren RB, Bagel J, et al. Deucravacitinib onset of action and maintenance of response in phase 3 plaque psoriasis trials. J Dermatolog Treat. 2024;35(1):2371045. doi:10.1080/09546634.2024.2371045
23. Lebwohl M, Warren RB, Sofen H, et al. Deucravacitinib in plaque psoriasis: 2-year safety and efficacy results from the phase III POETYK trials. Br J Dermatol. 2024;190(5):668-679. doi:10.1093/bjd/ljae014
24. Mease PJ, Deodhar AA, van der Heijde D, et al. Efficacy and safety of selective TYK2 inhibitor, deucravacitinib, in a phase II trial in psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81(6):815-822. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221664
25. Merola JF, Ferris LK, Sobell JM, et al. Deucravacitinib: Adverse Events of Interest Across Phase 3 Plaque Psoriasis Trials. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2025;15(2):453-462. doi:10.1007/s13555-025-01337-x
26. Morand E, Pike M, Merrill JT, et al. Deucravacitinib, a Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibitor, in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Phase II, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2023;75(2):242-252. doi:10.1002/art.42391
27. Morita A, Imafuku S, Tada Y, et al. Deucravacitinib in plaque psoriasis: Safety and efficacy through 3 years in Japanese patients in the phase 3 POETYK PSO-1, PSO-4, and LTE trials. J Dermatol. Published online March 11, 2025. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.17685
28. Papp K, Gordon K, Thaçi D, et al. Phase 2 Trial of Selective Tyrosine Kinase 2 Inhibition in Psoriasis. N Engl J Med. 2018;379(14):1313-1321. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1806382
29. Qiu J, Liu J, Liu W, Lin F, Shi N. The efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor deucravacitinib in the treatment of plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023;10:1264667. Published 2023 Sep 29. doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1264667
30. Strober B, Thaçi D, Sofen H, et al. Deucravacitinib versus placebo and apremilast in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Efficacy and safety results from the 52-week, randomized, double-blinded, phase 3 Program fOr Evaluation of TYK2 inhibitor psoriasis second trial. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023;88(1):40-51. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2022.08.061
31. Strober B, Blauvelt A, Warren RB, et al. Deucravacitinib in moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: Pooled safety and tolerability over 52 weeks from two phase 3 trials (POETYK PSO-1 and PSO-2). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024;38(8):1543-1554. doi:10.1111/jdv.19925
32. Hagino T, Saeki H, Fujimoto E, Kanda N. Long-term real-world effectiveness of deucravacitinib in psoriasis: A 52-week prospective study stratified by prior apremilast or biologic therapy. J Dermatol. 2025;52(4):634-641. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.17665
33. Hagino T, Saeki H, Fujimoto E, Kanda N. Long-term effectiveness and safety of deucravacitinib in psoriasis: A 52-week real-world study of genital, scalp, and nail lesions. Clin Exp Dermatol. Published online December 6, 2024. doi:10.1093/ced/llae530
34. Imafuku S, Okubo Y, Tada Y, et al. Deucravacitinib, an oral, selective, allosteric tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor, in Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque, erythrodermic, or generalized pustular psoriasis: Efficacy and safety results from an open-label, phase 3 trial. J Dermatol. 2024;51(3):365-379. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.17074
35. Lovell KK, Feldman SR. Response to deucravacitinib in psoriasis patients with prior biologic therapy failures: A retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2025;92(2):334-335. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2024.09.060
36. Wang S, Ning W, Tang H, Mu C, Huang X. Efficacy and safety study of targeted small-molecule drugs in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther. 2024;26(1):98. Published 2024 May 10. doi:10.1186/s13075-024-03331-8
37. Zhao K, Xiao S, Zhao Y, Tu C. Real-world safety of deucravacitinib: insights from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System. Int J Clin Pharm. Published online April 9, 2025. doi:10.1007/s11096-025-01896-1
38. Aw K, Gavigan G. Treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus scarring alopecia with deucravacitinib: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2025;13:2050313X241304891. Published 2025 Jan 2. doi:10.1177/2050313X241304891
39. Ball GD, Golant A. A Case of Extensive Lichen Planus Treated With Deucravacitinib. Cureus. 2024;16(10):e71951. Published 2024 Oct 20. doi:10.7759/cureus.71951
40. Bang CH, Park CJ, Kim YS. The Expanding Therapeutic Potential of Deucravacitinib Beyond Psoriasis: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med. 2025;14(5):1745. Published 2025 Mar 5. doi:10.3390/jcm14051745
41. De Luca DA, Papara C, Hawro T, Thaçi D, Ständer S. Exploring the effect of deucravacitinib in patients with palmoplantar pustular psoriasis. J Dermatolog Treat. 2024;35(1):2399220. doi:10.1080/09546634.2024.2399220
42. Ezeh N, Vleugels RA, Shahriari N. Discoid lupus erythematosus successfully treated with deucravacitinib. JAAD Case Rep. 2024;49:59-61. Published 2024 Apr 30. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2024.04.032
43. Fukasawa T, Yoshizaki-Ogawa A, Yoshizaki A, Sato S. The effects of deucravacitinib on three cases of systemic sclerosis associated with psoriasis. Rheumatology (Oxford). Published online January 9, 2025. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keaf019
44. Jonas C, Schön MP, Mössner R. Hair regrowth in a patient with alopecia universalis and psoriasis vulgaris during deucravacitinib therapy. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2025;23(2):234-235. doi:10.1111/ddg.15603
45. Kurz B, Ivanova I, Drexler K, Berneburg M, Günther F, Niebel D. Rapid clinical improvement of refractory subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus with oral tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor deucravacitinib: A case report. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2024;38(5):e434-e436. doi:10.1111/jdv.19667
46. 2025. Deucravacitinib in Psoriasis Patients with a History of Malignancy: Follow-up after 4 Years of Deucravacitinib Treatment in the POETYK PSO Program. SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine. 9, 2 (Mar. 2025), s538. DOI:https://doi.org/10.25251/skin.10.supp.538.
47. Lovell KK, Daniel S, McGrath L, Feldman SR. Efficacy of Deucravacitinib and Guselkumab in a Psoriasis Patient with Multiple Biologic Failures: A Case Report. Clin Exp Dermatol. Published online January 8, 2025. doi:10.1093/ced/llaf022
48. Oliel S, Moussa S, Stanciu M, Netchiporouk E. Rapid hair regrowth in an alopecia universalis patient with deucravacitinib: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2023;11:2050313X231213135. Published 2023 Nov 29. doi:10.1177/2050313X231213135
49. Ramakrishna C, Mason A, Edwards CJ. Tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitors in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2024;23(11):103649. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103649
50. Sood S, Yadav G. Treatment of hypertrophic lichen planus using deucravacitinib. JAAD Case Rep. 2024;51:38-40. Published 2024 Jul 5. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2024.06.013
51. Stolte KN, Mesas-Fernández A, Meier K, et al. TYK2 inhibition with deucravacitinib ameliorates erosive oral lichen planus. Exp Dermatol. 2024;33(4):e15080. doi:10.1111/exd.15080
52. Vu M, Abdin R, Issa NT. Treatment of oral lichen planus using deucravacitinib. JAAD Case Rep. 2023;44:94-97. Published 2023 Dec 27. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.12.006
53. Zhang A, Gaffney RG, Merola JF. Treatment of recalcitrant lupus erythematosus tumidus with deucravacitinib. JAAD Case Rep. 2023;45:110-112. Published 2023 Dec 16. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.11.029
54. Tiwari V, Brent LH. Psoriatic Arthritis. [Updated 2024 Jan 7]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547710/
55. James L, Hailey LH, Suribhatla R, et al. The impact of psoriatic arthritis on quality of life: a systematic review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2024;16:1759720X241295920. Published 2024 Dec 22. doi:10.1177/1759720X241295920
56. Mease et al. Efficacy and safety of deucravacitinib in patients with active psoriatic arthritis who are naïve to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or have previously received TNF inhibitor treatment: week 16 results from POETYK PsA-2, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study. Presented at: American Academy of Dermatology Annual Meeting; March 7-11, 2025; Orlando.
57. Merola JF, Gottlieb AB, Aranow C, et al. POS0781: Efficacy and safety of oral deucravacitinib in patients with cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus: results from PAISLEY CLE, a global, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2025;84(Suppl 1):940-941. doi:10.1016/j.ard.2025.06.141
58. Furie RA, Petri MA, Wallace DJ, et al. Novel evidence-based systemic lupus erythematosus responder index. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61(9):1143-1151. doi:10.1002/art.24698
59. Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Allen E, et al. BILAG 2004. Development and initial validation of an updated version of the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group's disease activity index for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44(7):902-906. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh624
60. Wallace DJ, Kalunian K, Petri MA, et al. Efficacy and safety of epratuzumab in patients with moderate/severe active systemic lupus erythematosus: results from EMBLEM, a phase IIb, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:183–90.
61. Franklyn K, Lau CS, Navarra SV, et al. Definition and initial validation of a Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS). Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75(9):1615-1621. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207726
62. Bristol‑Myers Squibb. A Phase 3, Randomized, Double‑blind, Placebo‑controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Deucravacitinib in Adults With Active Sjögren’s Syndrome (POETYK SjS‑1). ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05946941. Last update posted June 15, 2025. Accessed June 24, 2025.
63. McNamara ME, Tjahjono L. Successful treatment of recalcitrant amyopathic dermatomyositis with deucravacitinib in addition to intravenous immunoglobulin. JAAD Case Rep. 2025;62:6-8. doi:10.1016/j.jdcr.2025.01.047
64. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS). Study of Deucravacitinib for Refractory Adults With Dermatomyositis/Juvenile Dermatomyositis. ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT07012057. Last update posted June 24, 2025. Accessed June 24, 2025. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07012057
65. Kingston P, Blauvelt A, Strober B, Armstrong AW. Deucravacitinib: a novel TYK2 inhibitor for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. J Psoriasis Psoriatic Arthritis. 2023;8(4):156-165. doi:10.1177/24755303231201336
66. Samuel C, Cornman H, Kambala A, Kwatra SG. A Review on the Safety of Using JAK Inhibitors in Dermatology: Clinical and Laboratory Monitoring. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2023;13(3):729-749. doi:10.1007/s13555-023-00892-5
67. Bristol‑Myers Squibb. Sotyktu (deucravacitinib) [package insert]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration; September 13, 2022. Accessed June 25, 2025. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2022/214958s000lbl.pdf
68. Guénin S, Andrews E, Lebwohl MG. Safety and efficacy of dual tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor and monoclonal antibody therapy for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Br J Dermatol. 2024;190(3):451-453. doi:10.1093/bjd/ljad473
69. Ribeiro AL, Carrizo Abarza V, Gladman D, Chandran V, Eder L. Combination of biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in psoriatic arthritis. Presented at: ACR Convergence 2024; November 14–19, 2024; San Diego, CA. Abstract 2345.
70. Bristol‑Myers Squibb. New five‑year Sotyktu (deucravacitinib) data show consistent safety and durable response rates in moderate‑to‑severe plaque psoriasis [press release]. Bristol‑Myers Squibb; February 16, 2025. Accessed June 25, 2025. https://investors.bms.com/iframes/press-releases/press-release-details/2025/New-Five-Year-Sotyktu-deucravacitinib-Data-Show-Consistent-Safety-and-Durable-Response-Rates-in-Moderate-to-Severe-Plaque-Psoriasis/default.aspx
71. Imafuku S, Tada Y, Hippeli L, Banerjee S, Morita A, Ohtsuki M. Efficacy and safety of the selective TYK2 inhibitor, deucravacitinib, in Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Subgroup analysis of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, global phase 3 trial. J Dermatol. 2023;50(5):588-595. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16740
72. Lebwohl, M., Egeberg, A., Linaberry, M., Hoyt, K., Banerjee, S., Kisa, R. M., & Strober, B. (2023). Deucravacitinib in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: liver transaminase results from the phase 3 POETYK PSO program. SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine, 7(2), s116. https://doi.org/10.25251/skin.7.supp.116
73. Shah M, Burshtein J, Zakria D, et al. A Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Deucravacitinib for Plaque Psoriasis: An Expert Consensus Panel. J Drugs Dermatol. 2025;24(2):147-155. doi:10.36849/JDD.8616
74. Brett K, MacDougall D; Authors. Lipid Panel Screening for Adults Living With Chronic Conditions: CADTH Health Technology Review [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; 2023 Aug. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK596753/
75. Kimball AB, Gladman D, Gelfand JM, et al. National Psoriasis Foundation clinical consensus on psoriasis comorbidities and recommendations for screening. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008;58(6):1031-1042. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2008.01.006
76. Tsai SY, Chen HJ, Lio CF, et al. Increased risk of herpes zoster in patients with psoriasis: A population-based retrospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2017;12(8):e0179447. Published 2017 Aug 22. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179447
77. Ting SW, Ting SY, Lin YS, Lin MS, Kuo G. Risk of herpes zoster in psoriasis patients receiving systemic therapies: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):11824. Published 2021 Jun 3. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-91356-3
78. Zou A, Chen Y, Shi N, Ye Y. Risk of herpes zoster associated with biological therapies for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021;100(40):e27368. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000027368
Downloads
Published
Data Availability Statement
N/a
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Milaan Shah, Lauren DeBusk, M. Hunter Bohman, Angela Rosenberg, Joshua Burshtein, Danny Zakria, April Armstrong, Erin Boh, Alice Gottlieb, Saakshi Khattri, Graham Litchman, Joseph Merola, Andrea Murina, Mark Lebwohl (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
